What relations do salt and health have

What relations do salt and health have
Summary: The salt is the indispensable material in people's daily diet, its principal ingredients are sodium chloride. The main cation in sodium is humoral outside cells, the main function is to maintain muscles and neural and apt to receive the irritation, the intersection of heart and activity, wriggling, information transmission, change related to controlling blood pressure hormone, secrete of nerve cell of digestive tract of muscle.
Remember, see Reagon while taking the post as US President, have good thing reporter to ask him long-lived secret in one article, Reagon says without thinking: "Eat little salt. " Who knows this " The talk show " Having attracted the opposition of the local salt dealer unexpectedly, Reagon's " salt disturbance " Caused a stir for the moment.
The salt is the indispensable material in people's daily diet, its principal ingredients are sodium chloride. The main cation in sodium is humoral outside cells, the main function is to maintain muscles and neural and apt to receive the irritation, the intersection of heart and activity, wriggling, information transmission, change related to controlling blood pressure hormone, secrete of nerve cell of digestive tract of muscle. Chlorine ion is principal ingredients of human digestive juice, and mutually combine with sodium, potassium ion, it is balanced to regulate and keep content of the internal moisture and sour alkali value of the blood. In human metabolism, if such symptoms as sluggish that salt deficiency will cause convulsion of muscle, having a headache, nausea, make dysentery, whole body, and death that the situation is serious and knowing and dirty and depleted. Potassium is also one of the essential elements of human body, act on to maintain muscles, neural activity with sodium ion together, main cation in being humoral under cell, until sodium ion act on, keep inside and outside the cell humoral to permeate the equilibrium pigeonholed together. If the potassium content is on the low side in the human blood, produce weak muscle, vomit, lose the appetite, whole body languid reflecting sensitivity and the intersection of heart rate and whole, the intersection of heartbeat and heart disease weak and fast; And the potassium content is too high, would jump over symptoms such as slow, hypotension, four limbs shouting pain, anesthetize and have difficulty in breathing,etc.. It is obvious salt and health of people close, can't that is to say people one salt-free day, and there are no substitutes. The salt promotes the normal circulation of the blood getting up in the human body, it is humoral important component of the human body, play a very important role in safeguarding human blood pressure and acid-base balance.
How much getting kind salt should people take on earth? This will depend on individual situation. The person engaged in moving vigorously, manual labor, the salt is consumed, run off more, should supplement morely. In life, we can't control the intaking amount of the salt accurately, but there is a equilibrium that regulates the organization in the human body - -The kidney, it maintains the balanced important organ of human water electrolyte. It can through a series of nerve, humoral to regulate, come, keep, permeate, pigeonhole invariable. When the human body needs sodium, the kidney can reduce the discharge of sodium through the tubular heavy absorption of kidney; If internal sodium content, much, kidney will increase discharge of sodium.
Can't discharge taking in too much sodium in the body outside the body in time when the kidney has pathological change, the density of sodium ion rises, say popularly it is the salty degree of increase in the blood. At this moment, more water enters the blood vessel, it is extremely apt to cause water and sodium retention. The blood capacity has increased, the load of the heart has just increased. At this moment, the heart should work, more blood " pump " of the intravenous inner reflux Get to the artery, thus cause blood pressure to rise. So when there are renal pathological changes, must limit the intaking amount of salt, the serious nephropathy patient still employs the specialized salt, every day can't exceed 2 grams.
Salt and hypertension are in most close relations. Have already studied for more than 100 years about the relation of salt and hypertension in the world, has found it can cause blood pressure to rise that the high salt is taken in, the diet of less salt can make blood pressure reduce. Epidemiology investigation result find, live in Arctic Eskimo take a photograph of salt quantity lower, their blood pressure is low too, in 18.7/ 12.0 kPas (mercury column of 140/ 90 millimetres) more Following; Blood pressure drops after hypertension patient's limit salt. The high salt can make blood pressure rise and relate to following factor:
1.High salt (high sodium) It can cause water and sodium retention to take in, lead to the fact the blood capacity increases, the increase of the level of internal and external sodium of cell at the same time ion can cause the cells edema, blood vessel smooth muscle cell swelling, the blood vessel is narrow, the resistance of peripheral blood vessel increases, cause blood pressure to rise.
2.The high salt can make the blood vessel strengthen the catecholamine material sensitiveness of blood vessel of contracting to take in, sympathetic nerve endings release noradrenaline to increase at the same time, in addition still can increase the receptor density of angiotensin on the blood vessel wall, cause the blood vessel to excessively shrink, the resistance of peripheral blood vessel increases, blood pressure rises.
3.The high salt takes in sodium retention caused to make sodium in cells increase, inhibit sodium, potassium, ATP enzyme activity, make calcium flow into cell increase outside the cell, increase of sodium make the intersection of cell and internal and external the intersection of sodium ion and gradient disappear in the cell at the same time, sodium, calcium exchange inhibit from, make the intersection of cell and calcium discharge, reduce, cause blood vessel smooth muscle density of calcium ion rise in the cell, cause the smooth muscle of blood vessel to shrink, the resistance of peripheral blood vessel increases, blood pressure rises.
The finding of Xi'an medical university recently, the sensitive one of some salt has mutation of the sodium pump gene, this kind of gene mutation presents dominant heredity, that is to say the person with this kind of sodium pump gene mutation is after taking in more salt, blood pressure will rise, the more salt taken in is, the higher blood pressure rises. This can explain why some people salt is taken in more but blood pressure does not rise. So can carry on the screening of the sensitive one of human salt in the prevention and cure of hypertension according to this, prevent with a definite target in view. But still need to limit the absorption of sodium salt before judging whether oneself is the sensitive one of salt, should limit to 4~6 grams every day.
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