Cancer apocleisis and mechanism and treating _'s cause of disease of the cachexia

Cancer apocleisis and mechanism and treating _'s cause of disease of the cachexia
Apocleisis and cachexia that cancer causes are a kind of complicated syndrome. At present, the medical circle thinks: It to produce, cause the intersection of inflammation and the intersection of cell and factor, the intersection of catabolism and factor that tumour produce in the systemic circulation, ingest the intersection of person who reduce and factor, cause by metabolic disorder, the intersection of host and immune system. In numerous therapeutic medicines, the progestogen medicine is considered to be treating the most effective, safest medicine of cachexia at present. In addition, there are sand profit one degree of amine, own ketone theobromine and melatonin in the medicine that is at studying stage, mainly act on the release of the cell factor. In addition, there is special Luo of one gram of logical sequences, it can act on muscles, and the short of money consumption against protein.
Have, study, brief on, a gleam of therapeutic medicine of cachexia for formate progestogen medicine, such as progesterone and first hydroxy progesterone of first place, can also share antioxidant and chemotherapy method.
Onset mechanism
Apocleisis and cachexia are cancer patient's main causes of death, the fatality rates is up to 80%. Its main characteristic is apocleisis, organizes consumption, weight to lighten, and bad with the reduction of muscles and the adipose tissue, function state.
The pathogenesis of this syndrome is complicated, do not still know very much so far, estimate that relates to a great deal of following factors.
The supersession is unusual: The cachectic patient takes place unusually because of the supersession of internal candy, protein and fat, so the energy supersession changes. Candy metabolic disorder display in insulin resisting, strengthening mainly, cause the intersection of glucose and formate, the intersection of candy and different grow and the intersection of glucose and active increase of cycle of lactic acid, able to bearing amount of glucose and turnover drop. Protein is unusual and includes the protein turnover, protein synthesis of muscle catabolism, liver and tumour increase, the muscle albumen is formated and dropped at the same time. Lipoprotein metabolic disorder is shown as lipid is mobilized and increased, the fat turns into and lipoprotein lipoprotein enzyme activity reducing, triglyceride level is raised, the high density lipoprotein level is reduced, the intravenous glycerine level is raised but the removing rate of blood plasma glycerine drops.
Cause the inflammation cell factor: The circulation factor or host's immune system that tumour produces, in the course of replying tumour such as lymphocyte, monocyte, macrophage, the cell factor released may be cachectic cause of disease -. For example, lie between plain 1, 6 in vain, a great deal of such as tumour necrosis factor , interferon , cause inflammation cell factor to involve in cachectic pathogenesis. Lie between a plain 1 in vain and the tumour necrosis factor is hosts to the medium of inflammatory response. Experiment prove, lie between plain 1 and the intersection of tumour and the intersection of necrosis and the intersection of factor and , offer healthy animal will reduce appetite of them obviously in vain people. Cancer patient and tumour necrosis factor , in serum of experimental animal lie between plain 2 in vain, the interferon 's level is very high. In animal's model, lies between the plain level of 6 and relates to developing in tumour in vain. Meanwhile, animal's model proves: Lying between plain 6 in vain functions as cachectic factor in the progress of the cancer cachexia too. Discover in cachectic inflammation and acute issue react, these cell factor play an important role too.
Tumour in the systemic circulation derives catabolism factor: Circulate the factor such as lipid and albumen and mobilize the factor to be helpful in the cachexia develop. The derivatized catabolism factor of these tumours acts on adipose tissue and skeleton skin directly, but does not influence and ingest.
Inflammation reacts all over: Cancer tumour will long-term inducing host's immune system to activate by minuent in the relevant cachectic course, characteristic its and take place great wound, and acute issues of many kinds of characteristic that react similar behind the septic shock. The characteristic of septic shock has cell factors to produce and accelerate, catecholamine, cortical hormone and pancreas glucagon level rise, peripheral amino acid is mobilized and taken in and increased with liver amino acid, liver gluconeogenesis and acute albumens are produced and increased, the free fatty acid is mobilized and strengthened to increase etc. with the supersession. Acute issue it reacts to be to organize damage react all over, it is most the model at inflammation infects the wound, it features that releases the derivatized plasma protein of a series of hepatocyte, including C reflects the albumen, fibrinogen, alexinic factor B and C3, albumin at the same time, transporting the synthetic reducing of the ferritin. Cancer patient can present acute issue react, lie between plain 1, 6 and tumour in vain the intersection of necrosis and factor the intersection of liver and acute issues of main medium that albumen induced.
The taking food amount is reduced: The cachectic patient because the appetite is bad, taking food amount is few and appear and malnutritive. Hypothalamic and a kind of complicated function caused that appetite the periphery and nerve centre spreads into the side of belly, the aforesaid will cause inflammation cell factor to play a inhibiting role. Tumour releases the material which causes apocleisis to the circulatory system too, or he induces patient's metabolic disorder to cause the host to organize releasing this kind of material. Patient changes cancer because of tryptophane level, cause 5 - hydroxy color amine in the brain to formate and strengthen, the activity of 5 - hydroxy color amine will inhibit the appetite. Other factor have, lactic acid and the intersection of fatty acid and level rise, will can can irritate 5 - hydroxy color amine with the catecholamine neuron in the blood, and then promote and lead to hypothalamic inhibition and spread into.
The function of thin plain and neural peptide: It is the intersection of fat cell and one hormone that gene produce, neural peptide can the intersection of effect and molecule keep on a diet through being hypothalamic and energy consumption to be thin and plain, it is the essential material that the steady state of the weight regulated. Thin and plain to produce complicated interaction with nervous system, endocrine system, immune system, induce behavior and supersession to respond to. Medium of the cachexia - -Causing the inflammation cell factor the reason why have important function that inhibits the appetite for a long time, relate to thin plain excessively shouldering the feedback signal to the hypothalamic effect of simulation. This is passing and causing apocleisis nerve peptide, such as 5- hydroxy color amine and continuous stimulus of the ACTH release factor, kinds of peptide by opium, urge the intersection of growth hormone and the intersection of nerve and peptide, dark to it concentrates hormone, appetite to be plain and the intersection of agouti and relevant the intersection of peptide and neural peptide Y that make up whet the appetite due to inhibition of the network usually.
Cachectic daily therapeutic medicine
Progestogen medicine: The progestogen medicine is used in the medicine curing cachexia first, and in order that a gleam of of the cachexia uses medicine at present, first place progesteroning and first hydroxy progesterone that clinic mainly used. The mechanism of its function relates to activity of glucocorticoid, and can stimulate the appetite through stimulating nerve peptide Y of central nervous system, contribute partly through reduce and causing the synthetic and release of the inflammation cell factor. Multiple to discover, this kind of medicine can put on weight, stimulate the appetite, and have dosage relevance. First the intersection of place and oral dosage of progesterone, for daily 160- 1600mg, best dosage daily 480- 800mg, consider bad reaction and treat expenses synthetically, recommend the clinical initial dosage to be daily 160mg, and increase the amount of medicine used according to the clinical response, some patient consumption can reach daily 320mg, a few patients need to use daily 480mg. First the intersection of hydroxy and progesterone use the dosage for daily 300- 4000mg, recommend the dosage in order to take daily 1000mg orally. There are the bad reactions of two kinds of medicines, increase vascular thromboembolism, peripheral edema, breakthrough bleeding, hyperglycemia, hypertension and danger that Ke Xing's syndrome takes place, park medicine person to be few because of bad reaction while being clinical.
Adrenocortical hormone medicine: Discover several items,kinds of medicine if if you can't last rice, loose, if you can't last Buddhist nun dragons and first loose, can produce symptoms such as apocleisis,etc. transient being function of several week to last nylon, but there is influence on that the weight has not been seen. This kind of medicine stops vomiting function, and can lighten and have bad physiques, treat pain. It can inhibit prostaglandin activity and lie between the formulation of plain 1 and tumour necrosis factor in vain; However, because it has generally acknowledged bad reaction, are only used in the cancer patient of later period. The ones that recommend clinically use the dosage in order to be equivalent to splashing the Buddhist nun loose of per kilogram of weight 1mg.
The route against cell factor: Cause the inflammation cell factor to play a main role in the pathology of the cachexia, so in theory, this kind can treat the cachexia to cause the neutralization antibody of the inflammation cell factor. One degree of amine and own ketone theobromine of profit of sand is two kinds of cachectic therapeutic medicines to develop at present. Own ketone theobromine is methyl yellow purine derivative, used for treating the intermission and walking lamely, have found recently it can inhibit phosphoric acid diesterase, so resist inflammation and immune regulating action. As to the thing that cancer preliminary research of patient brief on, medicine this reduce function to the intersection of tumour and the intersection of necrosis and the intersection of factor and the intersection of and level than high patient notably. The intersection of sand and the intersection of profit and to many kinds of disease such as rheumatoid arthritis, the intersection of skin and lupus erythematosus and chronic to transplant, arrange whom different disease have obviously, resist inflammation reaction function degrees of amine. Several items discover recently, use the production that this medicine can inhibit tumour necrosis factor . It uses dosage as one day 200- 400mg, can obviously lower the production of tumour necrosis factor and put on weight.
New medicine while researching and developing
The body of non- steroid resists inflammation medicine: Fill in, come, do in the test, can block blood vessel, turn into and inhibit tumour from grow former times, animal test result indicate, this medicine can become effective chemoproection pharmaceutical of prevention of cancer of colon second.
Melatonin: The controlled study carried on in 100 shifting cancer patients recently reveals, the weight that melatonin can obviously reduce the patient is reduced, it may contribute through tumour necrosis factor level reduced in circulating.
- 3 fatty acid: Supplementing - 3 fatty acid can inhibit lying between the plain production of 1 and tumour necrosis factor in vain. In one done on colon rectal cancer patient research, with EPA, DHA, - the intersection of flax and three sour to treat, can reduce in the serum lying between plain 1, 6 in vain obviously for a long time alkene, tumour necrosis factor and interferon 's level. In the near future, two research report and treat with - 3 fatty acid that because suffer from pancreas cancer and the situation that the weight will be reduced appears. In the research of first, patient oral fish-oil capsule pharmaceutical, among them include 18% EPA and 12% DHA, 12 every day, obey for 3 months together, the weight obviously increases, increase 0.3kg in an average month, and the weight reduces 0.2kg equally every month before this; Still find, acute albumens are produced and reduced notably at the same time. In second research, after the 4 week such as treatment such as EPA, reduce C react albumen through inhibiting lying between the plain production of 6 in vain.
Receptor excited pharmaceutical of : In receptor excited pharmaceutical of , that was studied most is that one gram of logical sequences is special. Use sand cube amine alcohol, sand beautiful special Luo and one gram of logical sequences special Luo's therapeutic tumour animal, find that testing medicines has definite effect on skin quality of skeleton, but not influenced the growth of tumour or food intake. One contrast, discover grams of the intersection of logical sequence and special Luo can improve surgical the intersection of skill and muscular strength of future trouble person of rectifying etc., this kind of medicine can be prevented or reversed the patient has sat for a long time, such as the cancer patient's muscles are reduced.
Assimilate supersession pharmaceutical: Can improve the organism to make up through keeping or improving the thin weight while assimilating supersession pharmaceutical, these medicines include growth hormone, insulin one kind of growth factors, testis ketone, two hydrogen testis ketone and testis ketone analog. It is one kind of growth factors of growth hormone and insulin to study more one at present. Growth hormone is used in the findings of different clinical situations, it is mainly to assimilate the metabolism to protein synthesis, it is one kind of growth factors 1 of insulin produced by liver that lies between and leads. In a research with cancer patient's participation of 10 examples, the patient uses for 3 days of growth hormone, one kind of growth factors 1 of its insulin of blood plasma increases horizontally, and nitrogen losses are reduced in the urine, but the balanced improvement function of this kind of nitrogen is rarely seen to the patient not obvious of cachexia. In addition, still supersession androgen of assimilation studying at present. The medicine the intersection of testis and ketone derivative, have ketone better than testis assimilation metabolism but androgenic weaker activity. Among other consuming diseases, assimilate the supersession hormone medicine to having beneficial weight, muscle quality and physical stamina, but the not research in launching in the cancer patient at present.
Resist oxygen pharmaceuticals: In the oxidant and equilibrium against oxygen pharmaceutical, especially oxidant, may cause cells to damage, namely the so-called oxidizing should be surged, this kind of oxidant is called reactive oxygen, it is a normal product of oxygen supersession, but can produce under the pathologic condition with higher speed. Reactive oxygen include ultra the intersection of oxide and free radical, the intersection of hydroxyl and free radical, times of chloric acid, pass the intersection of oxygen and free radical and single track the intersection of attitude and oxygen, through oxidizing nuclear acid, protein and membrane lipid but damage cell. Reactive oxygen can work at different stages of cancer. Have found recently, reactive oxygen still participates in organizing consuming and cachexia. Moreover, the cell factors of some participation cachexias, such as tumour necrosis factor being induction pharmaceutical of reactive oxygen, a part of the common route of end that is damaged that it is cells. So oxidize, should defy, cause one reason of cachexia, while it aggravate, oxidize, should defy because of cachexia. It can by too much reactive oxygen and send to the inflammation cell factor to promote while being above-mentioned. protogen store in, exist in the form of sulphur hard acyl 2,6-diaminocaproic acid combined in mitochondrial albumen in the cell in people, play an important role in oxidizing the supersession. Recently, their as resist oxygen pharmaceutical, carry on relevant research, find protogen plays a positive role in oxidizing should surge relevant disease ing people, can cause reduced glutathion in cells to increase in a large amount, and the cells that make glutathion seriously insufficient return to normal. N acetyl cysteine is another kind of synthetic forebody of glutathion, can act on and oxidize and reduce the equilibrium, and can obviously improve and resist pharmaceutical electric potential of oxygen through raising already reduced glutathion horizontally. One inolactic acid, have positive roles on several important T cell functions of the cancer patient's in later period to resist oxygen pharmaceutical protogen and N acetyl cysteine,. Share it and chemistry - hormone - immune therapeutic method, not merely treatment used for cachexia, can also be used for preventing. protogen's dosage is daily 400mg, N acetyl cysteine is daily 1800mg, use medicine for 6 months at least. The above-mentioned medicine is employed in not uniting chemotherapy, the first hydroxy progesterone, recombinating lying between the plain treatment of 2 in vain, some patients can obtain objective clinic to improve or keep the condition steady. Patient comply with to be fine, see, treat relevant bad reaction. In addition, in resisting oxygen pharmaceuticals, the most interesting one is the spit of fland of ammonia phosphorus, it is a forebody medicine of amino sulphur alcohol of phosphorylation. In organizing, the alkaline phosphatase dephosphorylation that its capsule combines forms active metabolite - -Free sulphur alcohol WR-1065, on clinic, the chemotherapy method adds and can lower kidney toxicity, neural toxicity and blood toxic incidence and severity with the spit of fland of ammonia phosphorus.
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